Dear All,
After noticing your very informative thread on tritium illuminated watches, I wanted to provide some more data from our side. XTrooper graciously welcomed me to the discussion.
I hope that the enclosed info helps to further explain the differences (and improvements) of 3H tubes over tritium paints, and I will certainly try to answer all the probing questions that I know to anticipate.
Best Regards,
Jeremy Hogan
Ball Watch Company Inc.
So without further ado...
All information below is valid for Ball Watches, and should be valid for other brands using 3H gas tubes aka GTLS. Though, clearly I cannot vouch for them.
Ball micro gas tubes are borosilicate glass coated with phosphors, then filled with tritium gas. The tubes are unaffected by water, oil, and most corrosive materials. Additionally, they are shock resistant and unaffected by climatic extremes.
Tritium gas (GTLS) has several benefits over traditional tritium paints:
1. Radiation. Simply put, Ball gas tubes do not create radiation when intact. The weak beta rays given off by the decaying tritium gas cannot even penetrate a sheet of paper. Were you to break a gas tube, the minute amount of 3H gas, which is lighter than air, would quickly dissipate with no ill effects.
2. Decay. The tritium paints off the past not only gave off radiation but also caused the paint to decay along with the tritium itself. The crystal structure of the phosphors in the paints often broke down more quickly than the radioactive source, resulting in a shorter effective life.
3. Efficiency. Gases react more efficiently than solids; this is a basic chemical fact. The minute quantities of 3H gas needed to activate the phosphors in Ball micro gas tubes react more efficiently than many times the same quantity of luminous paint.
And finally, the info you've probably been waiting for:
Conservative estimates by the NRC and others suggest that the amount of tritium in 40,000 Ball watches would not even cause the first level of radiation sickness measurable by scientific standards. The prescribed treatment for a level 1 exposure: drink 4 glasses of water. The 3H is then expelled naturally with no ill effects.
Truly, the only parties who could be at risk of any type of exposure are the technicians who work in assembling the tubes. But a quick examination of the labs shows they are well equipped with the relevant clean room technologies.
Thus, it is clear that it is unnecessary to speak of health risk when it comes to Ball watches or 3H tubes.